North Macedonia - Geography

Here, let us take a look at the Geography of North Macedonia. Landlocked; major transportation corridor from Western and Central Europe to Aegean Sea and Southern Europe to Western Europe. Mother's mean age at first birth is 26.9 years (2020 est.) (), whereas, the Maternal mortality ratio is 3 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

Geographical data of North Macedonia
Location Southeastern Europe, north of Greece
Geographic coordinates 41 50 N, 22 00 E
Map references Europe
Tarrain mountainous with deep basins and valleys; three large lakes, each divided by a frontier line; country bisected by the Vardar River
Natural Resources low-grade iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, manganese, nickel, tungsten, gold, silver, asbestos, gypsum, timber, arable land
Natural Hazards high seismic risks
Irrigated Land 844 sq km (2016)
Major rivers (by length in km)
Major aquifers
Land Boundaries 838 km
Border Countries Albania 181 km; Bulgaria 162 km; Greece 234 km; Kosovo 160 km; Serbia 101 km
Coastline 0 km (landlocked)
Climate warm, dry summers and autumns; relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall
Area
Total Area 25,713 sq km
Land Area 25,433 sq km
Water Area 280 sq km
comparative Area slightly larger than Vermont; almost four times the size of Delaware
Maritime Claims
Elevations
Highest point Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit) 2,764 m
Lowest point Vardar River 50 m
Mean elevation 741 m
Land Use
Agricultural land 44.3% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: arable land arable land: 16.4% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent crops permanent crops: 1.4% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent pasture permanent pasture: 26.5% (2018 est.)
Forest 39.8% (2018 est.)
Other 15.9% (2018 est.)
Population Distribution

A fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

People and Society

In North Macedonia, the different Ethnic groups are such that we have: Macedonian 58.4%, Albanian 24.3%, Turkish 3.9%, Romani 2.5%, Serb 1.3%, other 2.3%, persons for whom data were taken from administrative sources and no ethnic affiliation data was available 7.2% (2021 est.)

Population
Pop growth rate 0.1% (2024 est.)
Birth rate 10.2 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Death rate 9.6 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Health expenditure 7.9% of GDP (2020)
Physicians Density 2.87 physicians/1,000 population (2015)
Hospital bed Density 4.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)
Total fertility rate 1.53 children born/woman (2024 est.)
Gross reproduction rate 0.74 (2024 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate 59.9% (2018/19)
Est married women (ages 15-49) 66.5% (2023 est.)
Literacy age 15 and over can read and write
Education expenditures NA
Net Migration rate 0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Nationality Macedonian | Macedonian(s)
Languages
Religions Macedonian Orthodox 46.1%, Muslim 32.2%, other Christian 13.8%, other and non-believers 0.5%, unspecified 7.4% (2021 est.)
Age Structure
0-14 years 16% (male 176,423/female 164,945)
15-64 years 68.4% (male 740,649/female 719,627)
65 years and over 15.6% (2024 est.) (male 147,655/female 186,323)
Dependency Ratios
Total dependency ratio 44.6
Youth dependency ratio 23.2
Elderly dependency ratio 21.4
Potential support ratio 4.7 (2021 est.)
Median Age
Total 40.5 years (2024 est.)
Male 39.4 years
Female 41.6 years
Urbanization
Urban population 59.5% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization 0.61% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas (Pop) 611,000 SKOPJE (capital) (2023).
Sex Ratio
At birth 1.07 male(s)/female
0-14 years 1.07 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.03 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.79 male(s)/female
Total population 0.99 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Infant Motality
Total 7 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
Male 7.9 deaths/1,000 live births
Female 6 deaths/1,000 live births
Life Expectancy at birth
Total population 77.3 years (2024 est.)
Male 75.3 years
Female 79.6 years
Drinking Water Sources
Improved: urban urban: 99.7% of population
Improved: rural rural: 99% of population
Improved: total total: 99.4% of population
Unimproved: urban urban: 0.3% of population
Unimproved: rural rural: 1% of population
Unimproved: total total: 0.6% of population (2020 est.)
Sanitation facility acess
Improved: urban urban: 100% of population
Improved: rural rural: 98% of population
Improved: total total: 99.2% of population
Unimproved: urban urban: 0% of population
Unimproved: rural rural: 2% of population
Unimproved: total total: 0.8% of population (2020 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
Total 3.9 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Beer 1.93 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Wine 1.03 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Spirits 0.9 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Other alcohols 0.03 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Child marriage
Women married by age 15 0.3%
Women married by age 18 7.5% (2019 est.)
Demographic profile
All Important Facts about North Macedonia

Want to know more about North Macedonia? Check all different factbooks for North Macedonia below.

North Macedonia is found in Southeast Europe