Argentina - Government
Based on the etymolgy of Argentina, it was originally the area was referred to as Tierra Argentina, i.e., "Land beside the Silvery River" or "silvery land," which referred to the massive estuary in the east of the country, the Río de la Plata (River of Silver); over time the name shortened to simply Argentina or "silvery". The Government system in this country is the presidential republic type and the different Administrative divisions includes: 23 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia) and 1 autonomous city*; Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Chubut, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires*, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Misiones, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Salta, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, Tierra del Fuego - Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (Tierra del Fuego - Antarctica and the South Atlantic Islands), Tucuman
National symbols
Sun of May (a sun-with-face symbol); national colors: sky blue, white.
The flag
The National flag of Argentina has three equal horizontal bands of sky blue (top), white, and sky blue; centered in the white band is a radiant yellow sun with a human face (delineated in brown) known as the Sun of May; the colors represent the clear skies and snow of the Andes; the sun symbol commemorates the appearance of the sun through cloudy skies on 25 May 1810 during the first mass demonstration in favor of independence; the sun features are those of Inti, the Inca god of the sun.
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The National Anthem
| Title | "Himno Nacional Argentino" (Argentine National Anthem) |
|---|---|
| Lyric/music | Vicente LOPEZ y PLANES/Jose Blas PARERA |
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note: adopted 1813; Vicente LOPEZ was inspired to write the anthem after watching a play about the 1810 May Revolution against Spain
More about the government of Argentina
| Date of Independence | 9 July 1816 (from Spain) |
|---|---|
| National holiday | Revolution Day (May Revolution Day), 25 May (1810) |
| Legal system | civil law system based on West European legal systems; note - in mid-2015, Argentina adopted a new civil code, replacing the old one in force since 1871 |
| International law organization participation | has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction |
| Constitution | |
| History | Several previous; latest effective 11 May 1853 |
| Amendments | A declaration of proposed amendments requires two-thirds majority vote by both houses of the National Congress followed by approval by an ad hoc, multi-member constitutional convention; amended several times, last significant amendment in 1994 |
| Citizenship | |
| Citizenship by birth | yes |
| Citizenship by descent only | yes |
| Dual citizenship recognized | yes |
| Residency requirement for naturalization | 2 years |
| Executive Branch | |
| Chief of state | President Javier Gerardo MILEI (since 10 December 2023) |
| Head of government | President Javier Gerardo MILEI (since 10 December 2023) |
| Cabinet | Cabinet appointed by the president |
| Elections/appointments | president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified majority vote (to win, a candidate must receive at least 45% of votes or 40% of votes and a 10-point lead over the second place candidate; if neither occurs, a second round is held ); the president serves a 4-year term (eligible for a second consecutive term); election last held on 22 October 2023 with a runoff held 19 November 2023 (next to be held in October 2027) |
| Election results | 2023: Javier Gerardo MILEI elected president in second round; percent vote in first round - Sergio Tomás MASSA (FR) 36.7%, Javier Gerardo MILEI (PL) 30%, Patricia BULLRICH 23.8% (JxC/PRO), Juan SCHIARETTI (PJ) 6.8%, Myriam BREGMAN (PTS) 2.7%; percent of vote in second round - Javier Gerardo MILEI 55.7%, Sergio Tomás MASSA 44.3% 2019: Alberto Ángel FERNÁNDEZ elected president; percent of vote - Alberto Angel FERNÁNDEZ (TODOS) 48.1%, Mauricio MACRI (PRO) 40.4%, Roberto LAVAGNA (independent) 6.2%, other 5.3% |
| Legislative branch | |
| Description | Bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of: Senate or Senado (72 seats; members directly elected from 24 provincial districts by closed-list proportional representation vote; 2 seats per district awarded to the party with the most votes and 1 seat per district to the party with the second highest votes; members serve 6-year terms with one-third of the membership renewed every 2 years) Chamber of Deputies or Cámara de Diputados (257 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed-list proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 2 years) |
| Elections | Senate - last held on 22 October 2023 (next to be held in October 2025) Chamber of Deputies - last held on 22 October 2023 (next to be held in October 2025) |
| Election results | Senate - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - UP 12, LLA 8, JxC 2, other 2; composition - men 39, women 33, percentage women 45.8% |
| Judicial branch | |
| Highest court(s) | Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (consists of the court president, vice president, 2 judges, 1 vacancy) |
| Judge selection and term of office | Judges nominated by the president and approved by the Senate; ministers can serve until mandatory retirement at age 75; extensions beyond 75 require renomination by the president and approval by the Senate |
| Subordinate courts | Federal level appellate, district, and territorial courts; provincial level supreme, appellate, and first instance courts |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | |
| Chief of mission | Ambassador Gerardo WERTHEIN (since 17 June 2024) |
| Chancery | 1600 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009 |
| Telephone | [1] (202) 238-6400 |
| FAX | [1] (202) 332-3171 |
| Email address and website | [email protected] https://eeeuu.cancilleria.gob.ar/en |
| Consulate(s) general | Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | |
| Chief of mission | Ambassador Marc Robert STANLEY (since 24 January 2022) |
| Embassy | Avenida Colombia 4300, (C1425GMN) Buenos Aires |
| Mailing address | 3130 Buenos Aires Place, Washington DC 20521-3130 |
| Telephone | [54] (11) 5777-4533 |
| FAX | [54] (11) 5777-4240 |
| Email address and website | [email protected] https://ar.usembassy.gov/ |
| National heritage | |
| Total World Heritage Sites | 12 (7 cultural, 5 natural) |
| Selected World Heritage Site locales | Los Glaciares National Park (n); Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis (c); Iguazú National Park (n); Cueva de las Manos (c); Valdés Península (n); Ischigualasto/Talampaya National Parks (n); Jesuit Block and Estancias of Córdoba (c); Quebrada de Humahuaca (c); Qhapaq Ñan/Andean Road System (c) |
Key Political parties and their leaders in Argentina
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International organization participation
All Important Facts about Argentina
Want to know more about Argentina? Check all different factbooks for Argentina below.
