The Government of Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyzstan - Government

Based on the etymolgy of Kyrgyzstan, it was a combination of the Turkic words "kyrg" (forty) and "-yz" (tribes) with the Persian suffix "-stan" (country) creating the meaning "Land of the Forty Tribes"; the name refers to the 40 clans united by the mythic Kyrgyz hero, MANAS. The Government system in this country is the parliamentary republic type and the different Administrative divisions includes: 7 provinces (oblustar, singular - oblus) and 2 cities* (shaarlar, singular - shaar); Batken Oblusu, Bishkek Shaary*, Chuy Oblusu (Bishkek), Jalal-Abad Oblusu, Naryn Oblusu, Osh Oblusu, Osh Shaary*, Talas Oblusu, Ysyk-Kol Oblusu (Karakol)

National symbols

White falcon; national colors: red, yellow.

The flag

The National flag of Kyrgyzstan has red field with a yellow sun in the center having 40 rays representing the 40 Kyrgyz tribes; on the obverse side the rays run counterclockwise, on the reverse, clockwise; in the center of the sun is a red ring crossed by two sets of three lines, a stylized representation of a "tunduk" - the crown of a traditional Kyrgyz yurt; red symbolizes bravery and valor, the sun evinces peace and wealth.

The National Anthem

Title	"Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn Mamlekettik Gimni" (National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic)
Lyric/music	Djamil SADYKOV and Eshmambet KULUEV/Nasyr DAVLESOV and Kalyi MOLDOBASANOV

note: adopted 1992

More about the government of Kyrgyzstan

Constitution
Date of Independence	31 August 1991 (from the Soviet Union)
National holiday	Independence Day, 31 August (1991)
Legal system	civil law system, which includes features of French civil law and Russian Federation laws
International law organization participation	has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
History	Previous 1993, 2007, 2010; latest approved by referendum in April 2021 that transitioned Kyrgyzstan from a parliamentary to a presidential system, and implemented changes that allow the president to serve for two 5-year terms rather than one 6-year term, reduced the number of seats in Kyrgyzstan's legislature from 120 to 90, and established a Kurultay - a public advisory council
Amendments	Proposed as a draft law by the majority of the Supreme Council membership or by petition of 300,000 voters; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Council membership in each of at least three readings of the draft two months apart; the draft may be submitted to a referendum if approved by two thirds of the Council membership; adoption requires the signature of the president
Citizenship
Citizenship by birth	no
Citizenship by descent only	at least one parent must be a citizen of Kyrgyzstan
Dual citizenship recognized	yes, but only if a mutual treaty on dual citizenship is in force
Residency requirement for naturalization	5 years
Executive Branch
Chief of state	President Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021)
Head of government	President Adylbek KASYMALIYEV (since 18 December 2024)
Cabinet	Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president
Elections/appointments	president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 January 2021 (next to be held in 2027)
Election results	2021: Sadyr JAPAROV elected president in first round; percent of vote - Sadyr JAPAROV (Mekenchil) 79.2%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.8%, other 14% 2017: Sooronbay JEENBEKOV elected president; Sooronbay JEENBEKOV (Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan) 54.7%, Omurbek BABANOV (independent) 33.8%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.6%, other 4.9%
Legislative branch
Legislature name	Supreme Council (Jogorku Kenesh)
Legislative structure	Unicameral
Number of seats	90 (all directly elected)
Electoral system	Proportional representation
Scope of elections	Full renewal
Term in office	5 years
Most recent election date	11/28/2021
Parties elected and seats per party	Ata-Jurt Kyrgyzstan (Fatherland) (15); Ishenim (Trust) (12); Yntymak (Harmony) (9); Alyans (Alliance) (7); Butun Kyrgyzstan (United) (6); Yiman Nuru (Ray of Faith) (5); Independents (34)
Percentage of women in chamber	22.2%
Expected date of next election	November 2026
Judicial branch
Highest court(s)	Supreme Court (consists of 25 judges); Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (consists of the chairperson, deputy chairperson, and 9 judges)
Judge selection and term of office	Supreme Court and Constitutional Court judges appointed by the Supreme Council on the recommendation of the president; Supreme Court judges serve for 10 years, Constitutional Court judges serve for 15 years; mandatory retirement at age 70 for judges of both courts
Subordinate courts	Higher Court of Arbitration; oblast (provincial) and city courts
Diplomatic representation in the US
Chief of mission	Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Mirel MURATOV (since 22 November 2024)
Chancery	2360 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
Telephone	[1] (202) 449-9822
FAX	[1] (202) 449-8275
Email address and website	[email protected] Embassy of the Kyrgyz Republic in the USA and Canada (mfa.gov.kg)
Diplomatic representation from the US
Chief of mission	Ambassador Lesslie VIGUERIE (since 29 December 2022)
Embassy	171 Prospect Mira, Bishkek 720016
Mailing address	7040 Bishkek Place, Washington DC 20521-7040
Telephone	[996] (312) 597-000
FAX	[996] (312) 597-744
Email address and website	[email protected] https://kg.usembassy.gov/
National heritage
Total World Heritage Sites	3 (2 cultural, 1 natural)
Selected World Heritage Site locales	Sulaiman-Too Sacred Mountain (c); Silk Roads: the Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor (c); Western Tien Shan (n)